传统的糖尿病诊断标准主要依赖于空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)和OGTT 2小时血糖(2-h PG)。然而,这些标准在识别糖尿病发展早期阶段的个体时存在局限,往往会导致漏诊和误诊,从而使糖尿病前期人群延误了早期干预的最佳时机。相比糖尿病,“糖尿病前期”有着更为庞大的群体。《美国医学会杂志(Journal of the American Medical Association)》的一篇文章指出,中国有50.1%的成年人正处于糖尿病前期(前驱糖尿病)[2],也就是说,每2个成年人中就有一个是准糖尿病人!如果不及时干预,大多数患者将在5-10年内发展为糖尿病。
[1] ergman M, Tuomilehto J. International Diabetes Federation Position Statement on the 1-hour post-load plasma glucose for the diagnosis of intermediate hyperglycaemia and type 2 diabetes. DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE. 2024 Mar 25: 111636.DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111636, PMID:38537890
[2] Xu Y, Wang L, He J, et al. Prevalence and Control of Diabetes in Chinese Adults. JAMA. 2013;310(9):948–959. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.168118
[3] American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee.9.Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024.Diabetes Care 2024;47(Supplement_1):S158–S178.https://doi.org/10.2337/dc24-S009